Crisis Management Days

Migrant Smuggling as a Security Challenge in the Republic of Croatia

Marijan Jozić

Kristina Jurković

Roko Simonić

Davor Solomun

Keywords: iregullar migrations, geostrategic position, smuggling, organized crime

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Abstract

This paper explores and analyzes the challenges and risks to the national security of the Republic of Croatia arising from migrant smuggling as a globally significant security phenomenon. Within the theoretical framework of migration, the study clearly distinguishes between migrant smuggling and human trafficking, while analyzing contemporary trends in organized crime. Special attention is given to the role of the Republic of Croatia as a key transit country on the Balkan Route, analyzing its specific geostrategic position. Through a comparative analysis of smuggling patterns in the Republic of Croatia and the European Union, this paper examines differences in routes, migration intensity, as well as role of organized criminal groups and security institutions addressing these phenomena. The research is based on primary sources, including Europol and Interpol databases, statistical indicators of the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Croatia, along with an overview of relevant legal regulations and available scientific and professional literature. Migrant smuggling is examined within the legislative and security framework of the Republic of Croatia, including its links to other forms of criminal activities and its impact on fundamental social and security values. Research results indicate that, due to its geostrategic position, the Republic of Croatia remains significantly exposed to illegal migration pressures, with organized crime playing a key role in the organization and execution of smuggling activities. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the security implications of illegal migration movements as a direct risk to the national security of the Republic of Croatia and highlights the inextricable link between smuggling activities and organized crime. The information obtained through this research can contribute to the development of security mechanisms and police strategies aimed at strengthening national and European security.